The nature and seriousness of misconduct can be enough to infer the breakdown of the trust relationship without evidence being led to prove the breakdown.

In Easi Access Rental (Pty) Ltd v Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration 8 BLLR 783 (LC), the employee was dismissed by Easi Access Rental after being found guilty on 5 charges of misconduct, including inter alia dishonesty and gross negligence. The employee, a Payroll Officer, had disclosed all of the employer’s payroll information to a fellow employee. Aggrieved by the outcome of the disciplinary hearing, the employee referred an unfair dismissal dispute to the CCMA. The Commissioner found that the dismissal was unfair and awarded compensation to the employee. The employer referred the matter to the Labour Court on review.

The Commissioner’s finding was based on two grounds, firstly that he did not find the employee guilty of all the charges against him, and secondly that there was no evidence produced by the employer to show that the trust relationship had broken down between the parties.

In relation to the trust issue, the Commissioner relied on the 2009 SCA decision of Edcon Ltd v Pillemer N.O and Other, where the court found the dismissal of an employee to be inappropriate where an employer alleged that the employee was dismissed because the trust relationship had broken down and then failed to lead evidence confirming/supporting this allegation.
In the Labour Court, the judge in the present case found that the Commissioner misinterpreted the Edcon judgment to mean that, if there is no direct evidence of the breakdown of the trust relationship, then the dismissal should be unfair.

This is a one sided interpretation of the decision.

The judge found that in cases where direct evidence of the breakdown has not been led, the enquiry into the fairness of the dismissal by the Commissioner should include a determination of whether the breakdown cannot be inferred from the nature of the offence. In support of this position, the judge referred to Department of Home Affairs and Another v Ndlovu, where the court held that the employer has an obligation to lead evidence to justify a dismissal, unless of course the conclusion of a broken relationship is apparent from the nature of the offence and/or circumstances of the dismissal.

Accordingly, in determining the fairness of the sanction, the nature of the offence, seriousness of the misconduct and the circumstances of the case had to be considered. This decision clearly illustrates the point that even though evidence relating to the breakdown in the trust relationship between the parties in a dismissal case is of critical importance in the assessment of the fairness or otherwise of the dismissal, where no such evidence has been led, the Commissioner still has to determine whether the breakdown in the trust relationship cannot be inferred from the nature and extent of the misconduct and the surrounding circumstances as a whole.

Written by Gavin Stansfield and Zola Mcaciso, Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr